The mechanism
Penetration, not coating.
Linseed oil is a drying oil — it cures by absorbing oxygen and polymerising into a solid network, not by evaporating a solvent. Applied thinly to bare, absorbent timber, capillary action draws the liquid oil into the pores and cell walls. As it cures, the oil becomes structurally part of the wood: it does not sit on top as a glassy layer but consolidates the timber from within, making the surface water-repellent and more wear-resistant.
A hardwax oil adds natural waxes to that linseed base. The waxes stay nearer the surface of the oil-saturated wood, forming a thin, continuous wear layer harder than bare oil — which is why a hardwax oil (LEINOS 290) is the specified finish for floors under heavy foot traffic: the wax takes the daily abrasion while the oil base keeps the timber consolidated.
The open-pore structure is the defining difference from a varnish. No film is built, so water vapour moves freely and the timber can breathe. When wear eventually scratches a hardwax-oiled floor, the damage is a surface scuff in the wax layer, and the repair is a localised re-oil of that patch — not a full strip and recoat of the whole floor.
The oil cures inside the wood. The surface you touch is wood — oiled wood.
